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Particle/hardware/wiring-diagram.md
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Particle/hardware/wiring-diagram.md
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# Boron LTE Security Device Wiring Diagram
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## Complete System Wiring
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```
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┌────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ PARTICLE BORON LTE │
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│ │
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│ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ │
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│ │ 3V3 │ │ RST │ │VBAT │ │ GND │ │
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│ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ │
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│ │
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│ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ │
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│ │ A0 │ │ A1 │ │ A2 │ │ A3 │ │
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│ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ │
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│ │
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│ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ │
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│ │ A4 │ │ A5 │ │ SCK │ │MISO │ │
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│ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ │
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│ │
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│ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ │
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│ │MOSI │ │ D8 │ │ D7 │ │ D6 │ │
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│ └─────┘ └─────┘ └──┬──┘ └─────┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ │
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│ │ D5 │ │ D4 │ │ D3 │ │ D2 │ │
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│ └─────┘ └─────┘ └──┬──┘ └──┬──┘ │
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│ │ │ │
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│ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ │
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│ │ D1 │ │ D0 │ │ TX │ │ RX │ │
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│ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ └─────┘ │
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│ │
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│ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ ┌─────┐ │
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│ │ GND │ │ GND │ │ VIN │ │ EN │ │
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│ └──┬──┘ └─────┘ └──┬──┘ └─────┘ │
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└─────┼─────────────────┼────────────┘
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│ │
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│ │
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┌───────────┼─────────────────┼───────────┐
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│ │ │ │
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│ │ │ │
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┌─────────▼─┐ ┌─▼─┐ ┌─▼─┐ ┌─▼─────────┐
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│ MICROSWITCH│ │GND│ │VIN│ │ LI-PO │
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│ NC │ └───┘ └───┘ │ BATTERY │
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│ ┌───┐ ┌───┐│ │ │
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│ │COM│ │ NC││ │ 3.7V │
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│ └─┬─┘ └─┬─┘│ │ 5000mAh+ │
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└───┼─────┼──┘ └───────────┘
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│ │ │
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│ └──────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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│ │
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│ │
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┌────▼────┐ │
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│ D2 │◄──────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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│(INPUT) │
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└─────────┘
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┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ ALARM CIRCUIT │
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│ │
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│ D3 ──┬── 1kΩ ──┬── BASE │
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│ │ │ (2N2222) │
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│ GND ┌▼┐ │
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│ │ │ │
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│ │▼│ │
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│ └┬┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ │ EMITTER │
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│ │ │
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│ GND │
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│ │
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│ │ COLLECTOR │
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│ │ │
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│ ┌─────▼─────┐ │
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│ │ SIREN │ │
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│ │ 12V │ │
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│ │ 2A MAX │ │
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│ └─────┬─────┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ ┌─────▼─────┐ │
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│ │ VIN │ │
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│ │ (3.7-12V)│ │
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│ └───────────┘ │
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└─────────────────────────────────────┘
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┌─────────────────────────────┐
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│ OPTIONAL SOLAR │
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│ │
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│ ┌─────────────────────┐ │
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│ │ SOLAR PANEL │ │
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│ │ 6V 1W+ │ │
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│ └──────┬──────────────┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ ┌──────▼──────────────┐ │
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│ │ CHARGE CONTROLLER │ │
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│ │ (SparkFun Sunny │ │
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│ │ Buddy) │ │
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│ └──────┬──────────────┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ └───────┬───────────┘
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│ │
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└─────────────────┼─────────────
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│
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┌──────▼──────┐
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│ LI-PO │
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│ BATTERY │
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│ + JST │
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│ CONNECTOR │
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└─────────────┘
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```
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## Pin Connections Summary
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| Component | Boron Pin | Connection Type | Notes |
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|-----------|-----------|-----------------|-------|
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| **Microswitch Common** | D2 | Digital Input (Pullup) | NC switch configuration |
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| **Microswitch NC** | GND | Ground | Normally closed contact |
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| **Alarm Control** | D3 | Digital Output | Controls transistor base |
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| **Status LED** | D7 | Built-in | On-board LED |
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| **Battery Positive** | VIN | Power Input | 3.7V Li-Po nominal |
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| **Battery Negative** | GND | Ground | Common ground |
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## Microswitch Detail
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```
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MICROSWITCH (NC - Normally Closed)
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Normal State (Secured):
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┌─────────────┐
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│ │ ● │ ← Actuator pressed
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│ ──┼─── │
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│ COM │ NC │
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│ ● │ ● │
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└─────┼──┼────┘
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│ │
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│ └─── GND (Boron) ──┐
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│ │
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└───── D2 (Boron) ────┼─── CLOSED CIRCUIT
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│ D2 = HIGH (3.3V)
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┌▼┐
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│ │ 10kΩ internal pullup
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│▼│
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└┬┘
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│
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3V3
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Breach State (Triggered):
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┌─────────────┐
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│ ● │ ← Actuator released
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│ │
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│ COM NC │
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│ ● ● │ ← OPEN CONTACTS
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└─────┼───┼───┘
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│ │
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│ └─── GND (Boron) ──┐
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│ │
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└──── D2 (Boron) ──────┼─── OPEN CIRCUIT
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│ D2 = LOW (0V via GND)
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┌▼┐
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│ │ Current flows to GND
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│▼│
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└┬┘
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│
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GND
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```
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## Alarm Driver Circuit Detail
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```
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TRANSISTOR ALARM DRIVER (NPN 2N2222)
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Alarm OFF (D3 = LOW):
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D3 ──┬── 1kΩ ──┬── BASE = 0V
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│ │
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GND ┌▼┐ No base current
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│ │ Transistor OFF
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│▼│
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└┬┘
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│
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GND EMITTER = 0V
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│ COLLECTOR = Floating
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│
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┌─────▼─────┐
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│ SIREN │ ← No current flow
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│ OFF │ SIREN = OFF
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└─────┬─────┘
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│
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VIN (Battery voltage)
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Alarm ON (D3 = HIGH):
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D3 ──┬── 1kΩ ──┬── BASE = 3.3V
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│ │
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GND ┌▼┐ Base current flows
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│ │ Transistor ON
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│▼│
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└┬┘
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│
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GND EMITTER = 0V
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│ COLLECTOR = ~0V (saturated)
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│
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┌─────▼─────┐
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│ SIREN │ ← Current flows VIN→Siren→Collector
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│ ON │ SIREN = ON (Full battery voltage)
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└─────┬─────┘
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│
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VIN (Battery voltage)
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```
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## Power Distribution
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```
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POWER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
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┌─────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐
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│ SOLAR PANEL │ │ LI-PO BATTERY │
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│ 6V 1W │ │ 3.7V │
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│ │ │ 5000-10000mAh │
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└────────┬────────┘ └─────────┬────────┘
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│ │
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│ ┌────────▼────────┐
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└──────────────┤ CHARGE CONTROLLER├─── OPTIONAL
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│ (Sunny Buddy) │
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└────────┬────────┘
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│
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┌───────────────▼───────────────┐
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│ BATTERY OUTPUT │
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│ (JST Connector) │
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└───────────────┬───────────────┘
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│
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┌──────────▼──────────┐
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│ BORON VIN/GND │
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│ (Power Input) │
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└──────────┬──────────┘
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│
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┌───────────────▼───────────────┐
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│ BORON POWER MGMT │
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│ • 3.3V Logic Supply │
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│ • Cellular Radio Power │
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│ • GPIO Power (D3→Alarm) │
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└───────────────────────────────┘
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```
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## Component Specifications
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### Microswitch Requirements
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- **Type**: SPDT (Single Pole, Double Throw) with NC contact
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- **Voltage Rating**: 12V+ (any standard microswitch)
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- **Current Rating**: 100mA+ (very low current for digital input)
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- **Mechanical Life**: 10M+ cycles for reliability
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- **Mounting**: Panel mount or lever actuated
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- **Examples**: Cherry D44X, Omron SS-5GL, Honeywell 1SW1-1
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### Alarm Device Options
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- **Low Power Buzzer**: 3-12V, <100mA (direct drive from D3)
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- **High Power Siren**: 12V, 500mA-2A (requires transistor driver)
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- **Strobe Light**: 12V, 200-500mA (requires transistor driver)
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- **Relay Output**: For AC-powered alarms (requires relay driver)
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### Transistor Driver (for High Power Alarms)
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- **Type**: NPN switching transistor
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- **Part**: 2N2222, 2N3904, or similar
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- **Ratings**:
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- Collector Current: 500mA+ (for siren load)
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- Collector-Emitter Voltage: 12V+
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- Base Current: ~3mA (from D3 via 1kΩ resistor)
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### Battery Specifications
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- **Chemistry**: Lithium Polymer (Li-Po) or Lithium Ion (Li-Ion)
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- **Voltage**: 3.7V nominal (4.2V max, 3.0V min)
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- **Capacity**: 5000-10000mAh for 2+ year operation
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- **Connector**: JST or similar for easy replacement
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- **Protection**: Built-in protection circuit recommended
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- **Temperature Range**: -10°C to +60°C for outdoor use
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### Solar Panel (Optional)
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- **Voltage**: 6V (to charge 3.7V battery via controller)
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- **Power**: 1W minimum, 2W+ recommended for northern climates
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- **Type**: Monocrystalline for efficiency
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- **Weather Rating**: IP65+ for outdoor installation
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- **Charge Controller**: Required to prevent overcharge
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- SparkFun Sunny Buddy
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- Adafruit Universal USB/Solar Lithium Ion/Polymer charger
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- Similar MPPT solar charge controller
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## Installation Notes
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### 1. Microswitch Mounting
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- Mount securely to door/window frame
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- Ensure proper gap (1-2mm) when closed
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- Test mechanical operation before wiring
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- Consider vibration and weather exposure
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### 2. Alarm Device Placement
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- Position for maximum deterrent effect
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- Protect from weather if outdoor installation
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- Ensure adequate power capacity (check battery drain)
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- Test audibility at intended range
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### 3. Enclosure Requirements
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- **Rating**: IP65+ for outdoor use
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- **Size**: Accommodate Boron + battery + connections
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- **Access**: Serviceable battery compartment
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- **Mounting**: Secure mounting points
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- **Ventilation**: Battery safety (avoid gas buildup)
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### 4. Power System
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- Use proper JST connectors for battery
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- Include inline fuse (2A) for protection
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- Secure all connections against vibration
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- Label positive/negative clearly
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- Test polarity before connecting
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### 5. Testing Procedure
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1. **Bench Test**: Verify all connections with multimeter
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2. **Power Test**: Check current consumption in sleep mode
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3. **Function Test**: Trigger microswitch, verify alarm
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4. **Range Test**: Verify cellular signal at installation site
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5. **Endurance Test**: 24-hour operation test before deployment
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